All Competitors

2——

Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityJune 20, 2026autoregressivecodoncodon_optimization+7

Autoregressive generative model that uses reinforcement learning to optimize mRNA codon sequences for MFE, CAI, and GC content.

RNA

9Openness

———

Shanghai Jiao Tong University +2 othersJune 13, 2026codoncodon_optimizationgenerative+6

Reinforcement-learning generative framework for multi-objective RNA codon optimization that generalizes across six species and five RNA types.

RNA

4Openness

2——

Fudan University +2 othersMay 20, 2026codongene_expressionlanguage_model+7

Codon-level mRNA language model adapted from ESM-2 650M by swapping amino-acid tokens for codon tokens, transferring protein knowledge to mRNA tasks.

RNA

11Openness

42—

Chinese Academy of SciencesApril 2, 2026codoncodon_optimizationfoundation_model+8

Autoregressive model for therapeutic mRNA design that jointly generates 5' UTR, CDS, and 3' UTR, pretrained on 30 million full-length natural mRNAs.

RNA

10Openness

41—

Kitasato University +2 othersDecember 24, 2025codoncodon_optimizationfoundation_model+7

GPT-style generative language model for mRNA coding sequences, pretrained across bacteria, eukaryotes, and archaea for de novo CDS design.

RNA

39Openness

5445—

Codon-level BERT model that captures genomic signals invisible to amino acid models, outperforming billion-parameter PLMs with just 86M parameters.

Protein

66Openness